Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is a condition that refers to the gradual deterioration of the intervertebral discs in the spine. These discs are soft, rubbery cushions between the vertebrae that act as shock absorbers and provide flexibility to the spine. As the discs degenerate over time, it can lead to various symptoms. Here’s a detailed description:

1. Causes:

   • Aging: The primary cause of degenerative disc disease is the natural aging process. As people get older, the discs lose water content and become less flexible, making them more prone to wear and tear.
   • Genetics: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to early disc degeneration.
   • Injury: Trauma or injury to the spine, such as from repetitive strain or heavy lifting, can accelerate the degenerative process.

2. Symptoms:

   • Back Pain: The most common symptom is chronic, low back pain. The pain may come and go or be persistent.
   • Pain that Radiates: If a degenerated disc puts pressure on nearby nerves, it can cause pain that radiates into the buttocks, hips, or legs. This is often referred to as sciatica.